Inhibits renal tubular reabsorption of urate, increasing uric acid excretion and lowering serum urate levels.

Also inhibits renal secretion of other drugs like penicillin, methotrexate, indomethacin, sulfonamides, etc., prolonging their plasma concentrations

Primary Use: Treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout and gouty arthritis.

Secondary Use: Used as an adjuvant to antibiotics like penicillin, to prolong and elevate plasma levels of these antibiotics regardless of the route of administration.

The recommended adult dosage is 250 mg (1/2 tablet of probenecid) twice a day for one week, followed by 500 mg (1 tablet) twice a day thereafter.

CNS: Headache, dizziness

GI: Hepatic necrosis, nausea, vomiting

GU: Uric acid stones, renal colic, hematuria

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis, rash, urticaria

Hematologic: Anemia (including hemolytic, aplastic), leukopenia

Skin: Dermatitis, flushing, alopecia

May exacerbate acute gout: Should be co-administered with colchicine during flare-ups.

Interactions with Methotrexate and Salicylates: Requires dosage adjustment and caution.

Pregnancy: Crosses placenta; use with caution.

Renal Impairment: Less effective if GFR is ≤30 mL/min. Not recommended with penicillin in renal impairment.