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ANCA Vasculitis

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ANCA Vasculitis - Case 1

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ANCA Vasculitis - Case 2

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ANCA Vasculitis - Case 3 - Basic/Intro Level

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ANCA Vasculitis - Case 4- Intermediate Level

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ANCA Vasculitis - Case 5 - Advanced Level

1. Which of the following is the most specific marker for Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Myeloperoxidase (MPO)
  2. B. Proteinase 3 (PR3)
  3. C. Perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA)
  4. D. Atypical ANCA

2. Which of the following findings is least likely to be seen in a patient with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV)?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis
  2. B. Pulmonary capillaritis
  3. C. Cardiac tamponade
  4. D. Mononeuritis multiplex

3. Which ANCA-associated vasculitis subtype is most strongly associated with asthma and eosinophilia?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)
  2. B. Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
  3. C. Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA)
  4. D. Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN)

4. What is the primary advantage of using rituximab over cyclophosphamide for remission induction in severe ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Lower cost
  2. B. Better long-term survival
  3. C. Reduced risk of infections
  4. D. Easier administration

5. In what situation might plasmapheresis be utilized as a treatment for ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Mild cases of ANCA-associated vasculitis without organ involvement
  2. B. Patients with severe renal involvement and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
  3. C. Patients with a positive ANCA serology but no clinical symptoms
  4. D. To prevent relapse in patients in remission

6. Which of the following is a common side effect of long-term glucocorticoid use in the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Improved bone density
  2. B. Decreased risk of diabetes
  3. C. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
  4. D. Enhanced muscle strength

7. Which diagnostic test is considered most definitive for confirming the diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. ANCA serology
  2. B. Chest X-ray
  3. C. Renal biopsy
  4. D. Urinalysis

8. Which cytokine is particularly important in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
  2. B. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
  3. C. Interleukin-5 (IL-5)
  4. D. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)

9. What is the primary mechanism of action of avacopan in the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. TNF-alpha inhibition
  2. B. IL-6 blockade
  3. C. C5a receptor antagonism
  4. D. B-cell depletion

10. Which feature distinguishes microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) from granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Presence of granulomas
  2. B. Renal involvement
  3. C. Positive ANCA serology
  4. D. Pulmonary involvement

11. Which medication is recommended for maintenance therapy in ANCA-associated vasculitis to reduce the risk of relapse?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Azathioprine
  2. B. Cyclophosphamide
  3. C. Methotrexate
  4. D. Rituximab

12. Which histopathological finding is most characteristic of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Necrotizing granulomas with eosinophils
  2. B. Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis
  3. C. Granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells
  4. D. Fibrinoid necrosis without eosinophils

13. What is the clinical significance of PR3-ANCA positivity in ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Indicates a lower risk of relapse
  2. B. Predicts isolated renal involvement
  3. C. Associated with more severe disease and higher relapse rates
  4. D. Predicts better response to cyclophosphamide

14. Which treatment option is specifically noted for its efficacy in inducing remission without the use of steroids in ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Avacopan
  2. B. Azathioprine
  3. C. Cyclophosphamide
  4. D. Methotrexate

15. Which infectious complication is most commonly associated with the immunosuppressive treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis?

Select only 1 answer.

  1. A. Viral hepatitis
  2. B. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP)
  3. C. Tuberculosis
  4. D. Bacterial endocarditis